Running the process: O&M, control, distribution, performance and risk. Equipment design belongs elsewhere.
CT (concentration × time) is the regulatory metric for drinking water disinfection efficacy. This article explains how to calculate, monitor and optimise CT under variable flow, temperature and pH conditions, with worked examples for free-chlorine, chloramine and UV systems.
Booster placement, tank turnover and the trade-off between disinfection and taste complaints.
What UF/MF Ops covers within Filtration & Disinfection, the questions it answers in practice, and where to read next.
What UV covers within Filtration & Disinfection, the questions it answers in practice, and where to read next.
What Ozone covers within Filtration & Disinfection, the questions it answers in practice, and where to read next.
What Chlorine covers within Filtration & Disinfection, the questions it answers in practice, and where to read next.
What CT Control covers within Filtration & Disinfection, the questions it answers in practice, and where to read next.