81 items
Articles
SectionProcesses & OperationsSectionWater SystemsSectionWater TechnologiesSectionAgriculture & IrrigationAvailable inالعربيةClear all
- Article· Water TechnologiesHow reverse osmosis worksOsmosis, the pressure that reverses it, and why the dense layer of an RO membrane keeps salt out.3 Nov 2026Read article
- Article· Agriculture & IrrigationIrrigation Water Quality Assessment: SAR, EC and Soil Permeability ImpactsThe Sodium Adsorption Ratio (SAR) and electrical conductivity (EC) are the two primary indices for assessing irrigation water suitability. This article explains how they are calculated, how they interact to affect soil permeability and crop yield, and how the Ayers-Westcot framework translates measurements into practical irrigation restrictions.3 Nov 2026Read article
- Article· Water TechnologiesReverse Osmosis Membrane Selection: An Engineering Guide for Water Treatment ProjectsSelecting the right RO membrane element requires balancing salt rejection, permeate flux, fouling resistance, pressure rating, and total cost of ownership. This guide walks through the key parameters, qualification testing, and the CAPEX/OPEX trade-offs relevant to seawater, brackish water, and wastewater reuse applications.3 Nov 2026Read article
- Article· Processes & OperationsCT Disinfection Control: Managing Chlorine Contact Time in Drinking Water PlantsCT (concentration × time) is the regulatory metric for drinking water disinfection efficacy. This article explains how to calculate, monitor and optimise CT under variable flow, temperature and pH conditions, with worked examples for free-chlorine, chloramine and UV systems.3 Nov 2026Read article
- Article· Water SystemsThe Nile Basin Initiative and the GERD: Shared Waters Under StressThe Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam (GERD) on the Blue Nile has produced the most consequential transboundary water dispute in Africa since the 1959 Nile Waters Agreement. This article outlines the hydrological stakes, the negotiating positions, and the legal frameworks in play.3 Nov 2026Read article
- Article· Water SystemsGroundwater Overextraction in the MENA Region: Scale, Drivers and Management ResponsesNon-renewable fossil aquifers supply 30–40% of freshwater withdrawal across the MENA region. This article examines depletion rates, saltwater intrusion trajectories, and the managed aquifer recharge programmes that are beginning to slow the decline.3 Nov 2026Read article
- Article· Processes & OperationsReducing Non-Revenue Water with District MeteringDistrict metered areas turn an unmanageable network-wide loss figure into a set of tractable local problems.3 Nov 2026Read article
- Article· Processes & OperationsCutting Aeration Energy in Activated-Sludge PlantsAeration typically consumes 50–60% of a treatment plant’s electricity. Most of that is recoverable without new blowers.3 Nov 2026Read article
- Article· Water SystemsDemand Trends: an introductionWhat Demand Trends covers within Water Stress, the questions it answers in practice, and where to read next.1 Nov 2026Read article
- Article· Water TechnologiesNF: an introductionWhat NF covers within Filtration & Membranes, the questions it answers in practice, and where to read next.29 Oct 2026Read article
- Article· Agriculture & IrrigationSAR: an introductionWhat SAR covers within Soil, Salinity & Toxicity, the questions it answers in practice, and where to read next.28 Oct 2026Read article
- Article· Water SystemsWater Diplomacy: an introductionWhat Water Diplomacy covers within Shared Waters, the questions it answers in practice, and where to read next.27 Oct 2026Read article
- Article· Agriculture & IrrigationTreated Wastewater: an introductionWhat Treated Wastewater covers within Water Sources, the questions it answers in practice, and where to read next.25 Oct 2026Read article
- Article· Processes & OperationsPressure: an introductionWhat Pressure covers within Distribution Systems, the questions it answers in practice, and where to read next.21 Oct 2026Read article
- Article· Processes & OperationsJar Testing: an introductionWhat Jar Testing covers within Coagulation & Clarification, the questions it answers in practice, and where to read next.18 Oct 2026Read article
- Article· Water SystemsIntrusion: an introductionWhat Intrusion covers within Aquifers & Salinity, the questions it answers in practice, and where to read next.17 Oct 2026Read article
- Article· Water SystemsScarcity: an introductionWhat Scarcity covers within Water Stress, the questions it answers in practice, and where to read next.16 Oct 2026Read article
- Article· Agriculture & IrrigationSodicity: an introductionWhat Sodicity covers within Soil, Salinity & Toxicity, the questions it answers in practice, and where to read next.14 Oct 2026Read article
- Article· Water TechnologiesCoagulants: an introductionWhat Coagulants covers within Chemicals & Materials, the questions it answers in practice, and where to read next.13 Oct 2026Read article
- Article· Water SystemsModelling: an introductionWhat Modelling covers within Hydrology, the questions it answers in practice, and where to read next.9 Oct 2026Read article
- Article· Water TechnologiesAOPs: an introductionWhat AOPs covers within Chemical Treatment, the questions it answers in practice, and where to read next.7 Oct 2026Read article
- Article· Agriculture & IrrigationFarm-Level Treatment: an introductionWhat Farm-Level Treatment covers within Farm & Food Safety, the questions it answers in practice, and where to read next.6 Oct 2026Read article
- Article· Water SystemsSurface: an introductionWhat Surface covers within Hydrology, the questions it answers in practice, and where to read next.2 Oct 2026Read article
- Article· Processes & OperationsSedimentation: an introductionWhat Sedimentation covers within Coagulation & Clarification, the questions it answers in practice, and where to read next.28 Sept 2026Read article